M\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 k\u00edch n\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 khi ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o m\u00e1u, t\u00ean l\u00e0 PAVA, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c binh l\u00ednh ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m c\u1ea7m n\u1eafm. V\u0169 kh\u00ed n\u00e0y b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngay sau khi ra m\u1eaft v\u00ec n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
C\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf b\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh. Ch\u00ednh nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh V\u0169 kh\u00ed Chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y s\u1ed1t m\u1ea1nh t\u00ean l\u00e0 PAVA. T\u00ean g\u1ecdi n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb Capsaicin, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 cay n\u1ed3ng trong nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i \u1edbt cay. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 James F. Corbett d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a USASOC v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1969.<\/p>\n
PAVA ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u0169i v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u01b0ng n\u1ec1, ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00e1c b\u00ecnh phun h\u01a1i chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9a PAVA c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eafn xa h\u01a1n 75 feet, cho ph\u00e9p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng an ninh gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n trong khi v\u1eabn ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed phi s\u00e1t th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 hi\u1ec7n nay. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u1edf Trung \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp sang c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n g\u00e2y s\u1ed1t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 1969, d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbng B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh V\u0169 kh\u00ed Chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t (USASOC), nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho James F. Corbett kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y s\u1ed1t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Corbett \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u1edbi v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng sao cho n\u00f3 b\u1eafn ra t\u1eeb b\u00ecnh phun h\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 bay xa trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng ph\u00fat gi\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 khi b\u1ecb phun tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t. H\u1ecd m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eeda ng\u1ea7m b\u00f9ng l\u00ean trong khoang m\u0169i, lan nhanh xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u00e1y r\u00e1t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ed5i khi h\u1ecd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u00edt th\u1edf, bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i th\u1edf r\u00edt qua m\u00f4i m\u1ecfng, m\u1edf to m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c g\u00e2n xanh n\u1ed5i l\u00ean tr\u00e1n. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 Nociceptor trong th\u1ea7n kinh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn d\u1eef d\u1ed9i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o hay g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Trong nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i, khi l\u00ednh c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t b\u1eafn c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a PAVA, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y kh\u00f3i tr\u1eafng d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bao tr\u00f9m khu v\u1ef1c, l\u00e0m m\u1edd t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd ch\u00f9n b\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ef1 ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n lan nhanh khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 g\u1ee5c b\u1edfi c\u01a1n \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng domino khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 tan r\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0169 kh\u00ed s\u00e1t th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 1969, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Richard Nixon ra l\u1ec7nh d\u1eebng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t sau khi b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng CIA ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y s\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed da nh\u01b0 Azobenzonitrile v\u00e0 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (HN-2) l\u00ean r\u1eebng r\u1eadm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u1eefng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn cho h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft dai d\u1eb3ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ng\u00e0y nay. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Y khoa Hoa K\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c cho h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i. D\u00f9 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd k\u1ebft C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Geneva n\u0103m 1993 c\u1ea5m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed7i \u0111au v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a nh\u00f2a trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng v\u1ec7t m\u00f9 m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c l\u00e9t bao ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 sinh h\u1ecdc con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Azobenzonitrile v\u00e0 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (HN-2) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay n\u00e9m bom h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng, r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng n\u1ed5 nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u00ea li\u1ec7t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf n\u00e2u l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng bao t\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c b\u1ecb v\u1ee1, ti\u1ebft ra nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i nanh \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i khi gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i qua. Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u01b0\u1edbc qua nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f4i gi\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u00e1m l\u1ea5y l\u1edbp b\u1ee5i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3, mang theo n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, v\u1ec1 trang tr\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n u\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. H\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ecb x\u00e9 n\u00e1t, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn lan t\u1ecfa t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c hay \u0111i l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c th\u1ea3m thi\u1ebft trong s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng t\u00ea li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng r\u1eadm. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft lo\u00e9t d\u1eef d\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb sinh ra sau chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u01b0\u1eddng mang trong m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ea9m sinh do di truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb cha m\u1eb9 t\u1eebng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. S\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m lan r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i, n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t t\u00ednh s\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1 t\u00f4m ch\u1ebft n\u1ed5i tr\u1eafng kh\u1eafp m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 m\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c l\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea7y \u00e1m \u1ea3nh, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i k\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t dioxin tan ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed khi tr\u1eddi n\u00f3ng, ch\u00fang \u0111i theo gi\u00f3, m\u01b0a, v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, l\u00e2y lan \u0111i kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi ng\u00f3c ng\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, bi\u1ebfn t\u1eebng th\u1eeda ru\u1ed9ng, t\u1eebng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng ch\u1ebft. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111e d\u1ecda kh\u00f4n l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd t\u1eebng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 "v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n" khi nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0, d\u1ecb t\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, bi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd k\u1ebft C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Geneva n\u0103m 1993 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t do ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a nh\u00f2a trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u1ee7a l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i hay s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ea3i t\u00e2m l\u00fd, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh h\u1ecdc b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u1ea1nh. Khi c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea7n kinh b\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng trong t\u1eebng nh\u1ecbp th\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u1eebng nh\u1ecbp tim. \u0110\u00e2y th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh v\u1eabn \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ngay c\u1ea3 trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00ea li\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp ngay trong ch\u00ednh kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc h\u1ecd \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh h\u1ecdc, t\u00e2m l\u00fd l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh s\u00e2u s\u1eafc b\u1edfi n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u00e0n t\u1eadt m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh g\u00e2y ra cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i trong nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn tranh tranh ch\u1ea5p. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u00e1m \u1ea3nh khi ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng suffer v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1n \u0111au t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng. S\u1ef1 lo ng\u1ea1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1eeb tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m moral n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u00e0 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n
Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n: h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ebd g\u00e2y \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M\u1ef9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1edd t\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i khi l\u1ee3i \u00edch chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t trong chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 l\u1edbn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf khi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Khi gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c n\u01a1i ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 t\u00e0n s\u00e1t b\u1ecb x\u00f3a nh\u00f2a, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ed7i \u0111au. S\u1ef1 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u1ea1t b\u1ecf sau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00eam tr\u0103n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, n\u1ed7i \u0111au v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00e0 lan t\u1ecfa to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n
Trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i m\u1eadt g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh ban \u0111\u1ea7u. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c sau khi nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1eabn \u0111ang l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, \u00e1m \u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n
V\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y s\u1ed1t PAVA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, khi\u1ebfn n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, d\u00f9 cho h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c theo ghi nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2019. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c Sarin, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi \u0110\u1ee9c trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c enzym thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ISIS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m \u1edf Syria nh\u01b0 ghi nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Nature n\u0103m 2013. S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 cho s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, song c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7y \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 nguy hi\u1ec3m khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tri th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch phi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. V\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh. Li\u1ec7u ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay kh\u00f4ng, hay ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ng\u00e3 r\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t?<\/p>\n
C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c t\u00ea li\u1ec7t d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, t\u1eebng c\u01a1n co gi\u1eadt d\u1eef d\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1c quan, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng l\u1eb7ng ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfng th\u00e9t v\u1ee1 \u00f2a ra. Trong s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4 khan trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7y \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 nguy hi\u1ec3m khi tri th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch phi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. V\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh. Li\u1ec7u ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay kh\u00f4ng, hay ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ng\u00e3 r\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 k\u00edch n\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 khi ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o m\u00e1u, t\u00ean l\u00e0 PAVA, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c binh l\u00ednh ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m c\u1ea7m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4902","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t